In order to verify the robustness, stability, and safety of our S.A.F.E. technology, several standardized tests were carried out: crushing, drop, intentional short circuit, and overcharge.
These tests are designed to reproduce accidental everyday scenarios or severe misuse, in order to evaluate the cell’s behavior and confirm the absence of dangerous phenomena such as thermal runaway, smoke emission, or fire ignition.
Each test is documented with:
- the implementation conditions,
- the observed results,
- and a comparison with the typical behavior of a lithium-ion battery.
1. Crushing
Test conditions:
Place a fully charged battery at room temperature on a table. Gradually apply pressure using a press until significant deformation of the cell occurs. Observe any possible reactions (leakage, gas emission, smoke, ignition, explosion).
Result:
During compression, an electrolyte leak was observed on the surface of the cell, without smoke emission or combustion. Despite significant physical deformation, the battery remained stable, confirming the good stability of the chemistry used.
Compared to lithium?
When a conventional lithium-ion battery is crushed, the cells may be damaged and heat up rapidly. This overheating can then cause a fire or, in some cases, an explosion.
2. Drop test
Test conditions:
The battery was dropped four times from a height of 1.5 meters: twice with the positive side facing the ground and twice with the negative side.
Before the drops, voltage (V) and internal resistance (mΩ) were measured. The same measurements were taken after each drop, then after a short rest period, to assess the impact of the drop on the cell’s electrical integrity.
Result:
The impact on performance can be considered negligible.
The battery emitted neither smoke nor flame after the test.
Compared to lithium?
A conventional lithium-ion battery may suffer invisible internal microcracks after a fall, creating a latent risk of fire.
3. Short-circuit test
Test conditions:
At room temperature, after a full charge, the battery was intentionally short-circuited under very severe conditions (near-zero resistance). The temperature was recorded throughout the test until the battery was completely discharged (0 V).
Result:
After 90 seconds of testing, the battery’s surface heated up to 179 °C, but no smoke, combustion, or visual anomaly was observed. The battery was almost completely discharged at the end of the test.
Compared to lithium?
A conventional lithium-ion battery under short-circuit almost always goes into thermal runaway, leading to flames and sometimes an explosion.
4. Overcharge
Test conditions:
The battery was subjected to continuous charging with a higher-than-normal current (0.5 C), at room temperature, until it reached its limit and failed.
This test is intentionally destructive: it verifies the battery’s behavior under extreme overcharge and ensures that no dangerous phenomena (smoke, fire, uncontrolled explosion) occur before complete failure.
Result:
The battery was subjected to a voltage of 22 V for about 90 seconds.
At the end of this period, the safety valve opened, causing the automatic disconnection of the cells. No dangerous phenomena were observed: no explosion, no fire, no smoke.
Compared to lithium?
When a conventional lithium-ion battery is overcharged, it may ignite or explode. This is one of the most critical risks.
Conclusion
Conclusion
The crushing, drop, short-circuit, and overcharge tests demonstrate the remarkable stability of our S.A.F.E. technology.
Even under extreme and destructive conditions, the cell maintains its integrity without presenting critical risks such as thermal runaway, smoke, or fire.